Common Covid antibiotic no more effective than placebo: Study

The study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, also indicated that it might increase their chance of hospitalisation, despite widespread prescription of the antibiotic for the disease. 

"These findings do not support the routine use of azithromycin for outpatient SARS-CoV-2 infection," said lead author Catherine E. Olde burg from the University of California at San Francisco. 

Azithromycin, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, is widely prescribed as a treatment for COVID-19 in the US and the rest of the world. 

"The hypothesis is that it has anti-inflammatory properties that may help prevent progression if treated early in the disease," said Oldenburg, adding that they did not find this to be the case. 

The study included 263 participants who all tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 within seven days before entering the study. 

None were hospitalised at the time of enrollment. In a random selection process, 171 participants received a single, 1.2-gram oral dose of azithromycin and 92 received an identical placebo. 

On day 14 of the study, 50 per cent of the participants remained symptom-free in both groups. By day 21, five of the participants who received azithromycin had been hospitalised with severe symptoms of Covid-19 and none of the placebo group had been hospitalised. 

The researchers concluded that treatment with a single dose of azithromycin compared to placebo did not result in a greater likelihood of being symptom-free. 

"Most of the trials done so far with azithromycin have focused on hospitalized patients with pretty severe disease," said Oldenburg.