Japan seeks extra defence budget amid China, N Korea concern

The request, still pending parliamentary approval, brings Japan's military spending for the current year to a new high of more than 6.1 trillion yen ($53.2 billion), up 15% from 5.31 trillion yen in 2020. The Defence Ministry says its "defence power reinforcement and acceleration package" is designed to speed up deployment of some of the key equipment from the 2022 budget request.

The goal is to beef up Japan's defences against North Korea's missile threat and China's increasingly assertive maritime activity around remote Japanese southwestern islands, officials said. Japan has also raised concerns over recent joint military activities by China and Russia near its waters and airspace.

A fleet of two Chinese H-6 fighters and two Russian Tu-95s flew from the Sea of Japan to the East China Sea and to the Pacific Ocean, triggering Japanese Self-Defence Force jets to scramble, Defence Minister Nobuo Kishi said Tuesday.

The budget request includes nearly 100 billion yen ($870 million) for the advanced version of PAC-3 mobile surface-to-air missile interceptors and related equipment, as well as cruise missiles. Separately, more than 800 billion yen ($7 billion) will go to speed up the purchase of reconnaissance planes and equipment, including three P-1s, equipment for P-3Cs and vertical launch systems to be placed on two destroyers, to step up surveillance around Japan's territorial waters and airspace. Japan has been stepping up defences in its southwestern regions and islands, including Ishigaki Island, where a new military base with a land-to-sea missile defence system will be operational. Ishigaki is north of the uninhabited Japanese-controlled Senkaku Islands, which are also claimed by China, which calls them Diaoyu.

Tokyo regularly protests the Chinese coast guard's presence near Senkaku Islands. The ministry also plans to build housing for ground troops on Ishigaki Island. The combined budget for 2021 will be just over 1% of Japan's GDP, keeping its customary cap. Prime Minister Fumio Kishida has said he is open to doubling Japan's military spending to cope with the worsening security environment.

The defence budget also aims to ease burden on Japanese defence equipment and parts suppliers that are struggling to maintain the country's dwindling industry, officials said. The defence budget is part of a nearly 36 trillion yen ($316 billion) draft extra budget approved by the Cabinet Friday to fund an economic stimulus package focusing on COVID-19 preparedness and support for the pandemic-hit households and businesses. Some opposition lawmakers criticised Kishida's government for using the stimulus package to cover military spending.

Critics also say Japan, as the world's fastest-aging country with a shrinking population, should allocate more money toward health care and other services. Japan's military spending and capabilities have grown continuously since former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe took office in December 2012, and has since risen by 17%. Abe's government allowed Japan's military to be more involved in international affairs by adopting a new interpretation in 2015 of the war-renouncing Article 9 of the constitution.